Tiananmen trace the history of

the history of Tiananmen Square, can not fail to mention the ancient capital of Beijing's history and evolution. Tiananmen Square and Beijing's ancient

every Chengyuan, all in the long process of history Laoxia deep imprint.

Beijing, Tang You Zhou, Liao Ching for, took the gold in the capital, mostly to the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming and Qing Beijing said. In China several thousand years of history of the development of civilization, have successively Yan, Former Yan, large-yan, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties in Beijing for eight capital.大兴土木various dynasties in Beijing, the construction of the different characteristics of the ancient architecture. The first building on Tiananmen Square have an indirect impact on the Yuan Dynasty is the Yuan Dadu.

Yuan in the first year of integration, that is, Kublai Khan in Kaiping House (now the eastern part of Zhenglan Banner, Inner Mongolia). Year 1264 Yuanshizhu Emperor Dahir to Yanjing, as in all, Yuan in 2009 to have the most. Yuan Dadu from 1267 began to build, all built before 1285, lasted 18 years. Yuan Dadu abandoned the former capital of the Jin Dynasty site (now the city southwest of the eastern side of the pond), the city moved to a home. This is a very structured city, the capital of slightly rectangular, Nanqiang location in the south this Chang'an Street, North Wall in the north of this Deshengmen and Anding Men of the North Third Ring Road near. Now there are also intermittent knoll, known as the Tuchengzi, Yuan Dadu is the first North wall. , To the capital from outside are Miyagi, and the city of Imperial. 60 Huari city perimeter, there are 11 doors. 3 south: the main entrance of the center for Lai (this Zhengyang Men), the East Gate of civilization, for the West to-door from the east and South-North is the door, Chongren door, Hee-door west from south to north, followed by Ping is the door, and Yi Mun, root out the door for the north only two Shing Mun, Ahn Jung door for the East and West for the Deshengmen. Imperial Star of Hope is the south gate of the door, in the vicinity of the door this afternoon. Ling-li and the main entrance gate between a "T"-shaped palace square, the palace was the Ming and Qing dynasties at the basic use of its site and the construction of

in the middle of Tiananmen. Yuan Dadu walls are Jiaolou Siyu, a Pier outside the city, the former city palace, Square in the city, 50 Neighbourhood and the length and breadth. At that time, a well-known name of the Italian Marco Polo came to China travel home, see the "sweat of the city," Yuan Dadu the magnificent palaces and the beautiful flower garden, much praise: "The City is So beautiful, so clever arrangement, we actually can not describe her. "He later wrote" Travels of Marco Polo ", due to large capital accounts due to this ancient city to spread, famous the world. Although not the construction of the Yuan dynasty in Tiananmen Square, but it choose another site for the construction of new pattern of yuan and the National Palace Museum, the Palace Square, the location,却使the Ming Dynasty was founded with the possibility of Tiananmen Square.

Year 1368 (Hong-first year), the rule of the Yuan Dynasty was overthrown, Ming Taizu in Nanjing, Chen Di Zhu Yuanzhang, the establishment of the Ming dynasty. At the same time, the generals led troops capture Xu Yuan Dadu, changed its name to Peking. At this time, the Ming dynasty rulers of the Yuan Dadu to the devastating damage, particularly to the best of Yuan Dadu - to dismantle yuan to the National Palace Museum to remove the former dynasty, "Wang Qi", which was gold shop Zhu households, Tan Ying Was painted, the extremely brilliant yuan Miyagi no longer exist. Year 1398, the death of Zhu Yuanzhang, the Sun Jianwen Dili successor. Then, within the ruling clique in the Ming Dynasty in a war for the throne. Zhu Yuanzhang of four sons, Yan WANG Zhudiqibing Peking, won the throne, boarded the emperor's throne, from the Yongle Emperor Yan WANG become and the first year of Yongle (1403 AD) New Year will be renamed the Beijing Peking, temporarily "Line" (the emperor outside the line).

Yongle Emperor Zhu Di in place after the first major event was the decision to move the capital from Nanjing his "Longxing the" Beijing. He has to relocation of the capital Beijing, was due primarily to Beijing's "Central sea left and right line too Yong, South Ji Jin River, North pillow Ju Yong", "crossing over Baishi," "will facilitate the-Water Transport of Grain, Tianjin-ocean" of superiority Geographical location. It also lies in order to control the north and northeast China, so as to safeguard national stability. Thus, the LO four years (1406), it Fenqian Minister Zhu Di to the people around the Governor-wood, brick and tile Shaozao and artisans throughout the levy, noncommissioned officers, migrant workers, Beijing began to create the preparatory works. LO 15 years (1417), Beijing's massive construction project officially began, 18 years to Wing-lok (1420), was completed, Wing-lok 19 years (1421), Zhudibanzhao formal relocation of the capital Beijing.

Ming Yuan Dadu in the city of Beijing is based on the lessons of the past advantages of capital planning and construction of the light from the Nanjing regulation. "Where's the temple, Jiaosi, altar market, palaces, (the door) Que, such as the Nanjing regulation noted." In fact, Beijing's newly built palace in Nanjing than the more magnificent. It outside the city in the south side of the package, wrapped in the Imperial City, also wrapped in Imperial Forbidden City, the city formed a "convex" shaped. City within the former site of the basic death from Yuan Dadu, the beginning of Wuli moved south to the north wall, so far Deshengmen, Anding Men line, and then will forward over to south city wall today Zhengyang Men line. Within the city there are nine, Zheng-nan for the Zhengyang Men (that is the main entrance of the Yuan-li); Imperial City, Central City, a total of six: a Dongan East, West to Xi'an, the North for the North, south side of the square for the Ming dynasty Doors, doors Chengtian Ahn left the door to the left and right for the Changan right door. Miyagi also known as the Forbidden City, is the core of the city, a total of four: South Gate for the afternoon, the North for the Xuanwu Men, Donghua Men for the East, West, the West Gate. As South south walls expand, with the Imperial Forbidden City were also moved south, moved to the Imperial South today can see that the location of the north of Chang'an Street. Imperial City in the door, under the name of the capital Mingnan renamed Chengtian door (today Tiananmen Square), Chengtian layout of the building modelled on the construction of Nanjing City-door. Seongnam moved to the Forbidden City Palace is now the location of the Yuan Dynasty from the main entrance gate of the Star of Hope renamed afternoon doors.

At the same time in the construction of the Forbidden City, also use the afternoon in front of the centre Yudao left and right, according to the "left's ancestral right," Regulation of the construction of the Tai Miao and Sajik altar were strictly symmetrical Buildings. In addition, Cheng Tian Mun (renamed the Qing Dynasty in Tiananmen Square) before the opening of a "T" shaped the palace square, Plaza East, West, South on three sides are to build a Gongqiang so that the Plaza closed, and in the east and west wings and the southern tip protruding Side, opened a door that is left Chang'an, Changan and right doors south of the Ming dynasty Mun (renamed the Qing Qing Dynasty doors).

Chengtian Imperial Gate is the important construction. Chengtian doors 18 years in Wing-lok (1420) is completed, is only a Huangwafeiyan the three floors of the five-Church, the Church median Gaoxuan "Chengtian's Gate" board. Chengtian the door寓"Chengtian shipment" and "mandated in the day," meaning the feudal emperor Yu show is "mandated in the days", the exercise of power for days, it should Wanshi to respect.

Tomorrow with the first year (1457), Chengtian struck by lightning fire destroyed the door, then failed to immediately resume until the first year of Chenghua (1465), was chaired by the Ministry of Book Baigui reconstruction. The reconstruction, today laid the Tiananmen form. Since then, although the Ming Dynasty 180 years to build, but did not make more changes. Chongzhen 17 years (1644), the peasant uprising led by Li Zicheng army captured the capital, also destroyed in the war Chengtian door. Qing / ares rule 2008 (1651), Shizu Fulin-ordered large-scale reconstruction and renamed Chengtian door for the "Tiananmen." 27 years later Emperor Kangxi (1688), in 1952 the two large-scale repairs, the rehabilitation of 1970, maintained a fundamental alteration of the Shunzhi, shapes. After the restoration of the 1970 Tiananmen Tiananmen higher than the original 83 cm-high of 34.7 meters (former high as 33.87 meters).

The old building from the Tiananmen Square 500 years of history in the trajectory we can see that Tiananmen Square is a long history of Chinese civilization, a symbol of the feudal dynasty is witnessing the rise and fall of the historical change of witnesses.